CryptoDB
Masked Accelerators and Instruction Set Extensions for Post-Quantum Cryptography
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Abstract: | Side-channel attacks can break mathematically secure cryptographic systems leading to a major concern in applied cryptography. While the cryptanalysis and security evaluation of Post-Quantum Cryptography (PQC) have already received an increasing research effort, a cost analysis of efficient side-channel countermeasures is still lacking. In this work, we propose a masked HW/SW codesign of the NIST PQC finalists Kyber and Saber, suitable for their different characteristics. Among others, we present a novel masked ciphertext compression algorithm for non-power-of-two moduli. To accelerate linear performance bottlenecks, we developed a generic Number Theoretic Transform (NTT) multiplier, which, in contrast to previously published accelerators, is also efficient and suitable for schemes not based on NTT. For the critical non-linear operations, masked HW accelerators were developed, allowing a secure execution using RISC-V instruction set extensions. With the proposed design, we achieved a cycle count of K:214k/E:298k/D:313k for Kyber and K:233k/E:312k/D:351k for Saber with NIST Level III parameter sets. For the same parameter sets, the masking overhead for the first-order secure decapsulation operation including randomness generation is a factor of 4.48 for Kyber (D:1403k)and 2.60 for Saber (D:915k). |
BibTeX
@article{tches-2022-31656, title={Masked Accelerators and Instruction Set Extensions for Post-Quantum Cryptography}, journal={IACR Transactions on Cryptographic Hardware and Embedded Systems}, publisher={Ruhr-Universität Bochum}, volume={2022, Issue 1}, pages={414-460}, url={https://tches.iacr.org/index.php/TCHES/article/view/9303}, doi={10.46586/tches.v2022.i1.414-460}, author={Tim Fritzmann and Michiel Van Beirendonck and Debapriya Basu Roy and Patrick Karl and Thomas Schamberger and Ingrid Verbauwhede and Georg Sigl}, year=2022 }